स्वामी विवेकानंद के 8 पाठ

स्वामी विवेकानंद के 8 पाठ : ...
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1. “एक विचार लो, उस विचार को अपनी जिंदगी बना लो, उसके सपने देखो, उसके बारे में सोचो, अपने हर अंग, मस्तिष्क, शरीर, नसें, ग्रंथिया से उसके बारे में सोचो, हर दूसरे विचार को त्याग दो। यह सफल होने का सबसे अच्छा तरीका है, और इसी तरह से बहुत सी महान आत्मायें उतपन्न होती हैं।”
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2. “आपको अपने अंदर से ही आगे आना होगा, कोई आपको नहीं सिखा सकता , कोई आपको अध्यात्मिक नहीं बना सकता है। यहां कोई शिक्षक नहीं है, सिर्फ आपकी आत्मा ही आपको सिखा सकती है”
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3. “सभी शक्तियां आपके अंदर हैं, आप उनसे सबकुछ कर सकते है। उनमें विश्वास रखिए, कभी नहीं सोचिए की आप कमजोर हैं, कभी यह भी ना सोचें की आप थोडे मुर्ख हैं। आप सबकुछ कर सकते हैं, वह भी बिना किसी की दया से। खडे हो और अपनी दिव्यता को महसुस करो।”
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4. “आपका सबसे बड़ा शत्रु खुद आपका खुद को कमजोर सोचना ही है।”
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5. “हमेशा निडर रहो, निर्भीक होकर अपने विचारों को वहां तक जाने दो जहां तक वह जाने देते हैं, निजरता से उनका जिंदगी भर पालन भी करो।”
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6. “हम वही होते हैं जो हमारे 'विचार' हमें बनाते है, इसलिए इसका ध्यान रखो कि आप क्या सोचते हो। शब्द तो आते-जाते रहते हैं, पर 'विचार' हमेशा साथ रहते हैं।”
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7. “ना तो ज्यादा बोलो और ना ही अनदेखा करो.., आपको हर तरफ से ज्ञान मिल सकता है।” ........ और सबसे बडी बात ...
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8. “जो आग हमें जलाती है वही हमें पालती भी है तो यह आग की गलती नहीं है कि आप जल रहे हैं।”
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The Top 5 Mistakes People Make When Starting a Business

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 50 percent of all small businesses fail within the first five years. About 30 percent survive only two years.

If you want to be on the positive side of those numbers, there’s a lot of hard work ahead. While every business is different, there are a few major mistakes that are among the most common people make when starting a business.

1. Thinking that all you need is an idea. There’s a lot more. First and foremost is a good work ethic.

The idea is just the beginning. You need to frame all the details of your idea from beginning to end, including game-planning and preparing for ‘what-ifs.’ You’ve got to create a solid foundation that you can build on. If you don’t dot your ‘i’s’ and cross your ‘t’s’ you’ll never get out of the gate.

2. Not having a good lawyer and a good accountant. Starting a business is complicated and rife with landmines. There are laws that must be followed and those include tax laws. The IRS. doesn’t play around.

Make the wrong move or don’t file the right paperwork and you could find yourself in some real trouble. Retaining a lawyer and an accountant with an expertise in your specific type of business cab save you from a serious crisis.

3. Spending too much money too soon. You may have the capital, but that doesn’t mean you should spend it all right up front. You need a balance between investing enough to make sure your business gets off the ground and not overspending before you figure out exactly where your finances should go.

\Start slow so that you can get feedback and see results. Put profits back into the business before you expand. More than a few businesses have sabotaged themselves by trying to grow too quickly.

4. Trying to launch while still working elsewhere. The reality is that it’s almost impossible to put the amount of work needed into starting a business while you’re still working elsewhere.

A business needs your full attention to get off the ground. You can develop the plan and start accumulating finances in your spare time while you’re still engaged at another company. Once you’re ready to make the leap, you have to be ready to devote 100 percent of your time to it.

5. Having someone else running things. It’s your business. You need to not only be in charge, but be hands-on with the day-to-day activities, at least to start.

You need to make the decisions. You need to be the one determining agendas, schedules, vendors and an organizational structure. If you have a partner, or partners, you need to create a clear-cut division of responsibilities from day one.

Take things one step at a time. Your passion for your own idea doesn’t automatically translate into the rest of the world instantly loving it.

You need to keep both hands firmly on the steering wheel and make sure every detail is considered and accounted for. Be prepared to work around the clock. Contrary to the popular saying, there is no such thing as an overnight success when it comes to business.

5 Mistakes to Avoid When Starting Your First Business

When I opened my first business, a fitness center, unfounded confidence flowed through my veins. Visions of fast success and weekends off with the family seemed as close as the next sell.

A few months later, the bravado gave way to fear and insecurity. That dream about weekends away vanished, and my 5 a.m.-to-9 p.m. schedule began taking its toll. I have been fortunate ever since to avoid similar mistakes in my more recent businesses. But I continue to review those mistakes, lest I repeat them:

1. Allowing belief to override the business plan

Owning a business is not for the weak in spirit. You need a strong mind and heart to face the day-in and day-out work. In the early days of the dream, it’s easy to be so excited and enamored with the idea of "your" business that you fail to grind out a proper business model.

When I approached my bank with my business plan in a thick three-ringed binder, I thought the president might just hand me a briefcase of cash. No kidding. Then came reality: Within two minutes the bank president asked me several questions my plan couldn’t answer. Still, that didn’t faze me. I lifted my chin and stated with conviction, “This will work.” I left without the briefcase of cash. Belief overrode the business plan, and I exited penniless.

2. Listening to customers instead of spreadsheets

“Famous Health Club just went out of business,” my soon-to-be business partner Mike said. “They left all the equipment," he told me excitedly. "We can go in and start quickly and not have to buy everything. However, they scammed their people, and no one wants to sign a contract.”

No problem. We won’t do contracts, I thought. And we didn’t. But we should have. Because, six months later, a giant fitness chain came to town and told members they could sign up for two years and pay via automatic draft. And people signed up in droves. Our “we won’t sign a contract” people left for newer pastures.

The lesson is, you’ll be tempted to set up your business in the way your customers say they want. And, sometimes that will be fine if it fits your model. Otherwise, trust your spreadsheets. Make sure the math works before giving in on every demand in hopes of making the sale.

3. Risking a family member’s retirement fund

Remember my empty briefcase? I gave up on the bank and instead went to my grandfather and asked for the money. I needed only $20,000. That’s it. It never crossed my mind that Daddy B might consider what I requested to be a big sum, considering that during his career, he'd been a lowly paid high school principal. And, as if that weren't enough, he told me he believed only in safe investments and had put most of his own money into interest-bearing certificates of deposit earning a massive 2 percent interest.

Being young and arrogant, I took my grandfather back to the same bank. Together, we got a secured loan and I was on my way. So, I was able to move forward. But unless your family members have the money to lose, don’t borrow against their retirement or savings. They may love you and want you to succeed, but losing their money will haunt you.

4. Miscalculating the time needed to launch

Since those former fitness club tenants had left their equipment, Mike and I figured that we could open quickly. It was already December and we believed we could open by January 1. Just in time for the New Year’s "resolution" crowd. Timing-wise, we thought we'd won the lottery.

But, three days prior to opening, we knew we were in trouble. I still can’t remember if we slept those last three days. We pushed hard to open the doors. And they opened, but not without our first suffering stress, tears, fears, panic, anxiety and delusions of the greatest business failure ever known to man.

So, set your own grand opening inside a buffer zone. Plan to be ready 10 days ahead of “the” day and you just might open on time, without dread and anxiety.

5. Equating personal experience with business expertise

I began working out at age 12. I was competing in powerlifting and body-building competitions by age 18. In addition to that, I was a personal trainer at a local gym. Certainly all that experience would translate into running a fitness center of my own, right? 

Not even close. I knew how to train people, but not retain people for the purpose of growing a membership-based business. You might be a great cook, mechanic, web designer or artist, but that doesn’t automatically translate into business acumen. So grab some study courses fromEntrepreneur.com and arm yourself for this battle called business.

A couple of years later, Mike and I sold that fitness center. Our buyer was a guy who wanted the space for his karate school. We barely paid off our business loans with the sales proceeds. It could have been so much more had we avoided the mistakes we made starting our first business.

So, remember them, and learn.

10 Daily Habits That Will Make You a Millionaire

From - Daniel Ally   

Daniel Ally is an international business expert, three-time best-selling author and keynote speaker. As the founder of The Ally Way and Dignify Designs, he has helped business leaders establish their brands, authors develop and publish their books, and hundreds of audiences fill up their notebooks as they giggle their way to freedom and success. Ally became a self-made millionaire at 24 years old.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------You have to pay the cost if you want to be the boss. 

The cost is discipline. No leader can achieve success without a certain level of discipline. A disciplined person is willing and able to give up short-term pleasure to achieve long-term gains. Of course, becoming disciplined requires you to have daily habits. Only disciplined people with habits can turn their lives around.

Habits can change the direction of our lives. While some people have pitiful habits, like gossiping; others have powerful ones, like praising others. No matter who you are or where you came from, your habits can make or break you. What are your habits? Where are they leading you?

People ask me all the time, “What are your daily habits? What time do you wake up? What do you do when you get up in the morning?” These questions make me chuckle because I used to ask the same questions when I started my journey to success. The only difference between you and I is that you’re actually getting the answers right now.

Here are 10 habits that will make you a millionaire:

1. Studying.

First and foremost, you should never go a day without learning. Learning can happen in all forms. Personally, I study every day for a minimum of three hours. This includes the following habits: Reading the dictionary, reading books, watching videos, reviewing and replying to comments, talking to my coach, etc.

Out of all of this, reading is most important. Every day, without fail, I get to my books and soak in as many ideas I can. I also put my phone in another room as I drink in the knowledge and wisdom of these books. All the books in the world have all the answers in the world. I can afford to miss a meal, but I can’t afford to miss a book!

The greatest university of all is a collection of books. –Thomas Carlyle

2. Setting goals.

Every day, you should make it your duty to set your goals. With my composition book, I write down everything that I want to accomplish for the month, year, and decade. This process fascinates me and gets me to think bigger and step over the small problems in life. To date, I have over 100 of these composition books in my garage.

Let’s say you have a goal to live a lavish lifestyle within the next 10 years. If you want to achieve this goal, you list some ideas which correspond with it. For instance, you list the following ideas for the year: A private jet, 10-bedroom mansion, personal chef, Rolls Royce, etc. When you come up with these ideas, you’ll get really excited about where your life is heading.

If you can view it, you can do it!

Related: Setting Goals: 3 Steps to Igniting Workplace Engagement

3. Planning.

You can set endless goals, but you need plans to achieve them. First, you’ll need to break down those 10 year goals into years, months, weeks, and days. Once you break them down into smaller parts, you’ll have to come up with some actionable steps to achieve those results and find a way to hold yourself accountable.

One of my clients had big goals to be a professional speaker. However, he didn’t know how to plan. I told him that he’ll have to set the stage high (no pun intended) and make plans to achieve his goals. I told him that if he gave 120 speeches in a year, he would reach his goals. I helped him break it down to 10 per month, which is 1 speech for every third day. After we planned, he admitted that his goals felt more achievable!

Plan your work, work your plans.

4. Networking.

In the new millennium, we have so many new ways to get and stay connected. To network effectively, you’ll have to be a producer, not a consumer. This means you have to network aggressively, not passively. Don’t wait for emails or phone calls to come to you. Instead, make an effort to reach out to others. Realize that networking is a daily habit.

I use a special system called the ‘Rule of 10.’ This rule allows me to send 10 text messages, 10 phone calls, and 10 emails per day. On top of this, I’m constantly making videos, giving speeches, and writing articles, which allows me to reach the masses. I’m also posting several times per day on all of my social media accounts. This is networking at its finest.

The people you are looking for are also looking for you.

5. Journaling.

Everyone needs time to think. In order to think effectively, you should keep a journal. It allows you to reflect upon the day and ask serious questions. In addition, you’ll be able to keep track of stories, ideas, jokes, lessons, quotes, successes, failures, and more. You can keep track of who you met and where you went.

Every day, I write a minimum of four pages in my journal. Up to date, I have cherished two dozen journals. It gives me time to reflect on my greatest accomplishes, challenges, and opportunities. Sometimes, I’ll journal incessantly for over an hour. When I look back in my journals, I’m often astounded from my journey. Furthermore, it’s good to leave some notes behind for future generations.

It's not the number of hours you put in, but what you put in the hours. -Abraham Lincoln

6. Exercising.

To be successful in life, your body must perform at the highest level. Your mind is constantly asking your body to do the unexpected and you must be prepared. The best way to prepare your body is by exercising, even when it’s inconvenient. Once your body is prepared for opportunities, you’ll be able to navigate through the oceans of success.

Imagine the feeling of perspiration dripping after a great workout. It’s a good feeling, right? If this is the case, why debate with yourself about whether you should workout or not? Why not make it a habit to work out 3-5 times per week for an hour or less per day? Not only will you gain unprecedented endurance, but get all of your work done before the end of the day.

Related: Why Exercising Is a Higher Priority Than My Business

7. Relaxing.

Only powerful people know how to rest. After all, that’s when they get most of their power. Some people get so tensed up over time that they burn out. When you get too fatigued or stressed, you lose concentration, then control. A person who doesn’t learn how to relax ends up wasting the precious time they could have saved.

You need to zone out every once in a while. We all naturally zone-out. Find a healthy discipline that sedates you. Usually, I’ll take some time to cook a great meal or take a walk in my neighborhood. Other times, I’ll put on some jazz music and have a friendly conversation with a loved one. Even in the midst of a serious deadline, these relaxing adventures will help you abscond from the worries in life. Worrying is the greatest waste of imagination.

8. Affirming.

Every day, we get a moment to talk to ourselves. The average human being speaks to themselves at least 12,000 times per day. The difference between a successful person and an unsuccessful person is what they say to themselves. What you say to yourself can dramatically alter your life. Click this link to find out some of the greatest affirmations you can make.

The other day, I heard a person say, “Daniel, I wish I could be half of what you have been!” Wow!! Even though I felt elevated for a moment, I must admit that a person wanting to be ‘half of me’ would never be that much. Truthfully, I’m a successful person who’s been relentlessly reciting hisaffirmations on a couple note-cards every night for several years.

9. Mastering your craft.

Every day, you must be working on your craft. Each of us has been innately gifted with a talent(s) that must be exercised on a daily basis. If you don’t use it, you lose it. Mastery takes years to cultivate, but if you’re willing to be the best at what you do, there won’t be much competition.

As I sat up bleary-eyed, I was determined to finish writing this article. Even though I tackled major challenges throughout my 20 hour day, I still pursue greatness at 4:32 am. On your way to mastery, you’ll forget about the following things: time, food, bathroom breaks, interruptions, pains, sexual urges, and even limitations.

“Every master was once a disaster.” –T. Harv Eker.

Related: 27 Tips for Mastering Anything

10. Masterminding.

Successful people have learned to organize the right relationships in their lives. This means that their closest people are nurturing them mentally, spiritually, and emotionally. Even if you see a ‘solo act’ like a musician, you must also account for those who are behind the scenes: make-up artist, manager, sound technicians, voice coach, etc.

However, your mastermind doesn’t form without effort. It takes time to carefully select the right people. More importantly, the right relationships will form naturally when you learn more about what you’re doing. Eventually, your hand-picked team will bring out the best in you and help you overcome the greatest challenges you’ve ever faced.

All of these habits require the utmost discipline. You must communicate your needs to others so that they can support you in your habits. When you seek constant improvement and refine your lifestyle by letting these habits your success, you will receive unlimited rewards in the process!

Thoughts - MEMORIES

Thoughts - 28/03/2016

Sri Sri advise - How to comeout from Comfort Zone

Ques: In my personal I have stayed in my comfort zone for the past 10 years. I am too afraid and lazy to take risks. I would like get over it but there is a part of me that prefers to stay weak. Please advise.

‪#‎SriSri‬: No point in advising. No use. You have seen the situation, you can take whatever step you want to. You want to remain in comfort zone, do it. You want to take a step forward, do it. In either case, I am with you. If I give you an advice, and you cannot do it, then feel even more guilty, more problem, more sorry. I’m not going to get into this trap! What you cannot do, you don’t need to do it. What you can do, you want to do, you do it. And if you cannot do it and someone says you have to do it, then it becomes a huge problem for you, unnecessarily. Already you have this and then on top of it you’ll feel, ‘Oh, Gurudev wanted me to do this, I didn’t do it’. Why do you have to put yourself into that big a problem! I would like to play safe! I tell you, just relax. Things are happening and if you are lazy, you know it, you want to get out of it, just do it.

Story - Grandma teaches Daughter on tough Life..

A young woman went to her grandmother and told her about her life and how things were so hard for her – her husband had cheated on her and she was devastated. She did not know how she was going to make it and wanted to give up. She was tired of fighting and struggling. It seemed as soon as one problem was solved, a new one arose.

Her grandmother took her to the kitchen. She filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Soon the pots came to boil. In the first she placed carrots, in the second she placed eggs, and in the last she placed ground coffee beans. She let them sit and boil; without saying a word.

In about twenty minutes she turned off the burners. She fished the carrots out and placed them in a bowl. She pulled the eggs out and placed them in a bowl. Then she ladled the coffee out and placed it in a bowl.

Turning to her granddaughter, she asked, ‘Tell me what you see.’

‘Carrots, eggs, and coffee,’ she replied.

Her grandmother brought her closer and asked her to feel the carrots. She did and noted that they were soft. The grandmother then asked the granddaughter to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard boiled egg.

Finally, the grandmother asked the granddaughter to sip the coffee. The granddaughter smiled as she tasted its rich aroma. The granddaughter then asked, ‘What does it mean, grandmother?’

Her grandmother explained that each of these objects had faced the same adversity: boiling water. Each reacted differently. The carrot went in strong, hard, and unrelenting. However, after being subjected to the boiling water, it softened and became weak. The egg had been fragile. Its thin outer shell had protected its liquid interior, but after sitting through the boiling water, its inside became hardened. The ground coffee beans were unique, however. After they were in the boiling water, they had changed the water.

“Which are you?” she asked her granddaughter. “When adversity knocks on your door, how do you respond? Are you a carrot, an egg or a coffee bean?

Think of this: Which am I? Am I the carrot that seems strong, but with pain and adversity? Do I wilt and become soft and lose my strength?

Am I the egg that starts with a malleable heart, but changes with the heat? Did I have a fluid spirit, but after a death, a breakup, a financial hardship or some other trial, have I become hardened and stiff? Does my shell look the same, but on the inside am I bitter and tough with a stiff spirit and hardened heart?

Or am I like the coffee bean? The bean actually changes the hot water, the very circumstance that brings the pain.. When the water gets hot, it releases the fragrance and flavor. If you are like the bean, when things are at their worst, you get better and change the situation around you. When the hour is the darkest and trials are their greatest, do you elevate yourself to another level?

How do you handle adversity? Are you a carrot, an egg or a coffee bean?

Concept and measurements of Time - By Arun upadhyay

Concept and measurements of Time
It is in continuation of my notes on era and geography of Asuras & Devas. There was a hint on ancient chronology on which a self styled Physicist Ravindra Kaul started abuse by words Indian (common derogatory word in Kashmir), Ṛgveda (for him, it is Rigged, correct spelling is abuse) Hanuman Chālīsā, Rudrākṣa without showing any knowledge of physics. 2 years back somebody had abused me with words-Gita and Gita Press. By his boasting of being the greatest physicist without having written a single paper, even educated persons may be misled that Time can have no other meaning.
In modern Physics, Time is used in many senses-(1) As a dimension (or extra time like dimensions), (2) Flow of time-similar to concept of dimension, (3) Interval of time-definition of its unit.
Ernest Mach was the first to analyze philosophy of time space and universe. Albert Einstein developed his idea and methods of Riemann geometry of manifold to explain universe as 4-dimensional space-time continuum. While space dimensions extend in positive and negative directions up to infinite distances, time can only move forward. But mathematical equations are symmetric for all 4 dimensions and some persons talk about journey into past. There was a famous sci-fi ‘Time-Machine’ by H. G. Wells describing a machine which can take us in past. So far, this is not feasible to make such a machine. It also violates the law of cause & effect. Suppose, a person visits in past and kills his father or grandfather as infant-then how he is born and existing, Or somebody goes 300 years back and unites Indian kings against Mughals and British invaders and frees India. It will lead to a parallel world vastly different from real world seen today. Theory of infinite universes is something like that.
Flow of time was analyzed by Arthur Eddington in 1928 who defined many types of ‘Arrows of Time’. Summary of these theories can be found in ‘Universe Around us’ by J B. Narlikar (OUP) or a popular book ‘Brief History of Time’ by Stephen Hawkins.
There are 2 main concepts or arrows-(1) Thermodynamic arrow of Time-Second law of thermodynamics has many parallel statements. One statement is that no natural process is reversible. Its implication is that Entropy or Disorder of a closed system always increases with any process of change. Disorder is measured by addition all permutations of components (atoms, molecules also) and its logarithm is called Entropy. Both are very large numbers impossible to calculate or measure. In Shannon’s Theory of Communication-Entropy or disorder is a measure of noise. In practical view, no state of an object comes back. (a) By shaking sugar in water, it will be dissolved. No amount of further shaking will separate them again. One author on Thermodynamics has estimated that by shaking a mixture of sand-sugar in glass, probability of its separation will be ones in many billion times the age of universe. (b) A child can grow, become adult and old. But an old cannot become child again. (c) Smoke can disperse into air. It can never come back to fire. (d) Mango can become ripe but not back to unripe or flower stage.
(2) Mechanical arrow of time- It is used in mechanics and is measure of velocity. It is measured by time period of cyclic processes. Natural cycles of time are day, month, year and time units are with reference to those periods as multiples or components. In Physics, we use the same time in Electromagnetic arrow of time. But they cannot be same-in mechanics speed is relative to observer, but speed of light (electromagnetic wave) is same for all observers. This is a philosophical contradiction not resolved till today (see Brief History of Time).
Due to 2 types of measurable times, all 10 versions of 10-dimensional string theories or 2 forms of M-string theories, we use a time dimension as in GTR (General theory of relativity). Another is time-like dimension. All string theories are mathematical equations only with no concept of individual dimensions. In GTR also, time dimension differs from 3 dimensions of space in that Time is unidirectional increasing in future only. Space dimensions extend to infinity in positive and negative directions also.
Measure of Time is in 2 ways-(1) Unit of Time-interval, (2) Elapsed time since a particular point in terms of basic units of time. In experiments, elapsed time can be from any point. For human calendars, it starts from a particular epoch and count of year-month-das from that. Year-month are measured in 2 ways-solar days/years, lunar day/month.
Definition of time-In Physics, second is defined as 86400 parts of a solar day (from local sunrise to sunrise or more accurately from mid-night to next midnight). In mathematics, mid-night system is preferred as it is same for all places on same longitude. There are 2 errors in this definition also. Day length changes seasonally-axial rotation components is same, but component (4 minutes) due to relative motion of 1 degree of sun changes due to elliptic shape of orbit. Another error is that axial rotation of earth is slowing down due to tidal friction, ¾ part by moon attraction and remaining by sun. To make it more specific, second was defined as 86400 part of mean solar day in year 1900 of Gregory calendar.
When it became possible to measure atomic property more accurately, second was defined as the duration of 9, 192, 631, 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom.’ (1967). Both the measures are technically different but match within limits of experimental error.
Another definition can be based on speed of light when it was possible to measure it accurately by Kerr-cell method. Here, metre is defined as the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second.’ (1983). If metre is taken as standard, this can be a definition of second.
Continuous measure of time from a particular epoch is calendar, which can be solar or a combination with lunar motion as observed from earth. Here, the preferred unit is day as all calculations are based on day-count (ahargaṇa in Indian astronomy). Large astronomical distances are measured in light year = distance travelled by light in 1 year.
In India, Vedic texts relate 4 aspects of Puruṣa with 4 types of Kāla (Time).
Puruṣa (as in Puruṣa Sūkta) means any object within a Pura (structure within a boundary surface). It can mean Man (including woman) and any structure or complete universe. Man is a conscious being which can think and act accordingly. The whole Universe or its Creator also is a conscious being called Puruṣa. Here, consciousness is called Chetanā. Chit = point space. Citi (City) = arrangement or design of point spaces. Chetanā = Agent which can do Chiti-चितिरूपेण या कृस्नं एतद् व्याप्य स्थिता जगत्, नमस्तस्यै, नमस्तस्यै, नमस्तस्यै, नमो नमः। (दुर्गा सप्तशती ५/८०) In Universe, Puruṣa is whole or visible parts of Universe or its creator. Uniform homogeneous source is called ‘Rasa’ out of which only ¼ is used in creation of world, remaining ¾ is always in original undisturbed form-पादोऽस्य विश्वा भूतानि, त्रिपादस्यामृतं दिवि (पुरुष सूक्त, ३
Puruṣa has 4 aspects out of which one is beyond description as there is no distinction (Bheda) in its parts. Other 3 are defined as Kṣara, Akṣara, Avyaya-
गीता, अध्याय १५-द्वाविमौ पुरुषौ लोके क्षरश्चाक्षर एव च। क्षरः सर्वाणि भूतानि कूटस्थोऽक्षर उच्यते॥१६॥
उत्तमः पुरुषस्त्वन्यः परमात्मेत्युदाहृतः। यो लोकत्रयमाविश्य बिभर्त्यव्यय ईश्वरः॥१७॥
(1) Kṣara Puruṣa-All objects within a boundary are Kṣara = decaying). This is physical form of objects which always decays.
(2) Akṣara Puruṣa-Though all objects decay, there unseen (Kūṭastha) name or identity and functions remains the same throughout its life. This aspect is Akṣara.
(3) Avyaya Puruṣa-As part of a system, nothing changes. The complete system or world structure is called Avyaya. Its controller is called Īśvara.
(4) Parātpara Puruṣa-Overall Universe or ultimate reality has no distinction in time or space, so it is beyond description, called Parātpara.
Same object has all 4 aspects, first of which has form and decaying. Other 3 are formless and successively more permanent. Our aim is to move from Mṛtyu (transient) to Amṛta (मृत्योर्मा अमृतं गमय), so we first observe real universe forms then move to 3 stages of unseen reality. Unity is later realization- एकत्वं अनु-पश्यतः (ईशावास्य उपनिषद् २)
Kāla (Time) is perception of change. Here also, perception of the smallest or the largest is beyond our imagination, so that aspect is Parātpara Kāla. All types of Kāla explained in Bhāgavaat Purāṇa part 3 chapter 11. Here also length units are defined as per velocity of light which can be units of time if length unit is taken as standard. Definitions of Gītā are given below-
कालोऽस्मि लोक क्षयकृत्प्रवृद्धो । (गीता ११/३२)
कालः कलयतामहम् । (गीता १०/३०)
अहमेवाक्षयः कालो धाताहं विश्वतोमुखः (गीता १०/३३)
Sūrya siddhānta (1/10) defines 2 types-Nitya Kāla (eternal time) which decays world, so it is called Mṛtyu (death) also. Other is called janya (creative-in cycles of yajña which creates) which has 2 types-Mūrta (perceived), Amūrta (beyond perception). ).
सूर्य सिद्धान्त (१/१०)-लोकानामन्तकृत् कालः कालोऽनयः कलनात्मकः।
स द्विधा स्थूल सूक्ष्मत्वात् मूर्तश्चामूर्त उच्यते॥
(1) Nitya Kāla (Eternal time)-Thermodynamic arrow of time-unidirectional change.
(2) Janya Kāla (measure of creative cycles)-Natural cycles of production or Yajña are day, month, year and time units are defined in terms of them. This is calculated in physics (Kalanātmaka). Since we have not resolved mechanical and electromagnetic time, Bhagavān calls him as Kāla which is most difficult in all calculations (Gītā 10/30).
(3) Akṣaya Kāla-Time of a complete system. Measure of running time by calendars.
(4) Parātpara Kāla-Beyond perception and description.
These correspond to 4 Puruṣa-
Niitya Kāla-Kṣara Puruṣa
Janya Kāla-Kṣara Puruṣa
Akṣaya Kāla-Avyaya Puruṣa
Parātpara Kāla- Parātpara Puruṣa
Universe as a whole has 10 dimensions. First 5 dimensions describe mechanical universe. So, there are 5 basic units of measurement corresponding to 5 Mā-Chhandas-Mā, Pramā, Pratimā, Anumā, Asrīvi. Remaining 5 dimensions are different stages of Chiti and describe Chetana (conscious) world. So there are parallel words-Daśa (10), Daśā (state, condition), Diśā (direction). Knowledge of 10 dimensions is 10 mahā-vidyā. 10 dimensions are-
0-Point
1-Line (Rekhā)
2. Surface (Pṛṣṭha)
3, Volume (Stoma, Āyatana, Āyu)
4. Matter-This is not a dimension in GTR which terms matter as curvature of space-time.
5. Time- Nitya Kāla-eternal time
6. Puruṣa-Within structures, creator of order or design.
7. Ṛṣi (String)-Links between any 2 points or objects. Of 7 types-4 fundamental forces of nature (body of symbolic bird-Suparṇa), 2 symmetry (wings), one anti-symmetry (tail).
8. Nāga or Vṛtra (limiting bodies within curved boundary)-similar to concept of limited dimensions in Calabi geometry).
9. Randhta (Defect)-Changes in levels of density, energy which cause creation-janya Kāla.
10. Ananda or Rasa-Same as point dimensions.
Complete description of World can be in 6 ways-from 5 to 10 dimensions-giving rise to 6 Darśana (visions) loosely translated as philosophy. Its representation in word will also need 6 types of Darśa-Vāk (visible word = script). Script is on a surface of 2 dimensions, so its components (letters) are square of dimension numbers-equal to elements of Darśana-
1. Sānkhya- 5x5 elements-Roman script of 25 letters
2. Śaiva-6x6 elements-Hebrew, Latin, Russian, Gurumukhi (with Om).
3. Marut (7x7)-Devanāgarī
4. Kalā (8x8)-Brāhmī
5. Vijñāna (8+9) square-36x3 Vowels, 36x5 consonants, 1 om used in Veda.
6 Sahasra- Many thousand letters beyond Vyoma (Tibbet) in China.
Surya Siddhānta describes 9 types of time units parallel to 9 stages of creation from abstract source. Formative stages are mixed called Varāha (boar or cloud). That is meaning of 9th cloud. All 9 units are defined differently. They can be converted to each other, but it has experimental errors.
सूर्य सिद्धान्त (१४/१)-ब्राह्मं दिव्यं तथा पित्र्यं प्राजापत्यं च गौरवम्।
सौरञ्च सावनं चान्द्रमार्क्षं मानानि वै नव॥ Nine Indian Time-units-
(1) Brahma-Time period of creation from formless (avyakta) to forms is called a day of Brahma or Kalpa. In same period of time, creation dissolves into avyakta (Gītā 8/17,18). Day of Brahma has been defined as of 1000 yugas in Gītā, purāṇas, Sūrya-siddhānta etc. Each yuga is of 12,000 divya-years, 1 divya-year = 360 solar years. Thus, 1 day of Brahmā = 432 crore years.
(2) Prājāptya-Prajāpati started yajña (Gītā 3/10), so prājāpatya period is period of galaxy from where creation started. Rotation period of galaxy is called Manvantara of about 31.68 crore years. Present stage is 7th manvantara. This has been called 7th day in Bible. After 4, 5th days sun, moon, earth were created. So, day cannot mean here rotation of earth or even of sun. This is rotation of first creation galaxy. Modern estimate of period of sun revolution around center of galaxy is 20-25 crore years.
(3) Divya year is of 360 solar years, arrived in 3 ways. This is approximate period of revolution of imaginary planet at 60 AU (or average rotation of about 60,000 Balakhilyas at same distance), called Aloka (dark) boundary of 100 crore yojana diameter, This has been called parivarta yuga in Vāyu, Matsya purāṇas, which is cycle of historic changes. Third view is that north-south motion of sun is like day-night cycle. This cycle of 1 year is 1day (divya).Taking round number 360 for days in a year, divya year is of 360 years.
(4) Guru scale-In period of 60 years Saturn and Jupiter complete integral revolutions-2 and 5. Alternatively, Angirā-effect (upward convection due to radiation pressure takes 60 years to complete (Aitareya Brāhmaṇa 18/3/17,Taittirīya Br, 2/2/3/5-6)
(5) Pitar māna- Synodic revolution of moon in 29.5 days is called 1day of pitars. Varāha is 15 ahargaṇa or 4,096 times earth size-that is parjanya. Intermediate level is pitar, 64 times earth size called pitar. Moon orbit is 61 times earth size. So pitars of human beings also reside on outer region of moon. Our bright half of month is night of pitars and dark half is their day.
(6) Sāvana māna-Sunrise to next sunrise is sāvana or civil (practical) day. 1 month = 30 days, 1 year = 12 months.
(7) Solar-Apparent revolution of sun around earth is yea (sidereal). 1/12th part is 1 month (1 rāśi = 30 deg. Movement).1 day is 1 deg. movement.
(8) Lunar-Synodic revolution of moon around earth is a lunar month.5 angas of pañchānga are defined from moon and sun—Tithi = (M-S)/12deg., 1tithi = 2 karaṇa, yoga = (M+S)/13.3.Nakshatra is average daily motion of moon. Vara (day) is cyclic naming of days.
(9) Nakshtra (sidereal)-Axial rotation of earth with respect to fixed stars is sidereal day of 23 hours 56 minutes. Month, year have 30 and 360 days.
Micro units of time-Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa (12/3/2/1,5) divides mean day length of 12 hours successively by 15 parts into units named as muhūrtta (48 minutes), kṣipra, etarhi, idānī, prāṇa, aktana (or, ana), nimeṣa, lomagartta, svedāyana. It is stated that stars (nakṣatra) in galaxy (Brahmāṇḍa) are like its loma-gartta (roots of skin hairs). Number of lomagartta in a year (Samvatsara) is equal to the number of stars in a galaxy, so this unit of time is called lomagartta which is equal to muhūrtta x 15 (-7) = about 80.000 parts of a second. Similarly its 15th part is svedāyana equal to about 11,20,000 parts of a second. In this time light travels about 270 meters. Rain drops (sveda) move (ayana) about same distance without breaking or joining, so this time unit is called svedāyana. Estimate of number of stars in galaxy was done after 1985 which is correctly estimated in Śatapatha-Brāhmaṇa to be 10 (11). Logic of division by 15 is given that ratio of earth orbit to earth size is same as ratio of Tapah-loka (visible universe) and galaxy, both equal to 2 (15).
Seven Yugas-By joining two cycles of time, a yuga is formed. Munīśvara in his astronomy text Siddhānta Sārvabhauma has stated 5 yugas.

Thoughts 21/03/16

some people are obsessed with trying to be someone 

they’re 

not..

Its Ok to be Different..